英語ニュース

英語ニュース

Latest Leap Second Creates Controversy「うるう秒」、議論を引き起こす

自然・科学
On June 30th, a leap second was added to Coordinated Universal Time, creating a minute including 61 seconds.

A leap second is used to adjust the difference between the current standard time and solar time. The first is based on atomic clocks and the second on the Earth’s rotation. An international body is responsible for ensuring a leap second is added in unison worldwide. However, a number of problems exist. One second makes a significant difference in online stock and currency trading. Computers and network systems may also lose synchronization. The leap second was introduced in 1971. Since then, machines have advanced dramatically, making the problem increasingly complex.

If leap seconds are abolished, clocks will not synchronize accurately with the Earth’s rotation. This will become a major problem in the long term. A solution to the issue must be found in the near future.
6月30日、協定世界時に「うるう秒」が挿入され、1分が61秒となりました。

うるう秒は、現在の標準時と太陽時の間の差を調整するために使われています。標準時は原子時計に基づいており、太陽時は地球の自転に基づいています。ある国際機関の責任の下、うるう秒の挿入は世界中で一斉に行われます。しかし、(うるう秒の実施に関して)問題も数多く存在します。株式や為替のオンライン取引では、1秒の違いで大きな差が出ます。また、コンピュータやネットワークシステム間の同期が上手くいかなくなる恐れもあります。うるう秒が導入されたのは、1971年でした。それ以来、機器類が劇的な進歩を遂げたため、うるう秒の実施をめぐる問題はますます複雑化しています。

もし、うるう秒を廃止すれば、時計は地球の自転と正確には同期しなくなるため、長期的に見ると大きな問題になります。近い将来、この問題に対する解決策を見いだす必要があります。

Listening Quiz

1. Compete the sentence: Leap seconds are intended to ( ).
  • asynchronize terrestrial and lunar time
  • bsynchronize atomic and terrestrial clocks
  • cadjust standard time to the Earth’s rotation
2. The word “synchronize” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to:
  • aunify
  • bmatch
  • creflect
3. Which of the following statements is true, according to the article?
  • aAtomic clocks are used to ensure the Earth’s rotation remains synchronized.
  • bIf leap seconds are abolished, standard and atomic time will lose synchronization.
  • cEven a difference of one second is critical in online trading of stocks and currencies.
4. Although leap seconds were effective in the past, the rapid progress of technology is creating growing problems with their use.
  • aTRUE
  • bFALSE
  • cN/A (not applicable)
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